Breakdown of Self-Incompatibility in Citrus by Temperature Stress, Bud Pollination and Polyploidization

Self-incompatibility (SI) is present in around half of all species flowering plants. SI limits endogamy and contributes to increased genetic diversity. a very important trait citrus because, when coupled with parthenocarpy, it allows seedless fruit production. Otherwise, an impediment studies breeding programs. Temperature stress, bud pollination polyploidization can induce the breakdown mechanism several species. In this work, we investigated how be broken down two self-incompatible diploid genotypes: ‘Fortune’ mandarin ‘Clemenules’ clementine. The influence temperature stress on was assessed self-pollinated flowers mandarins subjected 2 regimes (10 °C 30 °C), whereas effect same genotype clementines cultivated under field conditions. tetraploid clementine conditions used study if tetraploidization bypass reaction. Histological observations pollen tube growth seed production were evaluate SI, while analysis SSR SNP markers confirmed that recovered plants zygotic had been originated by selfing. Our results confirm reaction surpassed tetraploidy. To our knowledge, first report which these three different strategies demonstrated molecular markers.